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Die Rasse in den GeisteswissenschaftenBand II: Hauptepochen und Hauptvlker der Geschichte in ihrer Stellung zur Rasse, The Nazi Germany Sourcebook. Houston Stewart Chamberlain, (born Sept. 9, 1855, Southsea, Hampshire, Eng.died Jan. 9, 1927, Bayreuth, Ger. "Foundations of the Nineteenth Century". This idea allowed Chamberlain to combine both his vast amount of knowledge in history as well as in the humanities, in general. The Holocaust was the culmination of a number of factors over a number of years. Chamberlain indulges in the most appalling stereotypes of the. The most important promoter of racial ideology in Europe during the mid-19th century was Joseph-Arthur, comte de Gobineau, who had an almost incalculable effect on late 19th-century social theory. Sie haben Gewaltiges zu leisten vor sich, aber trotz Ihrer Willenskraft halte ich Sie nicht fr einen Gewaltmenschen. 1.7 Houston Stewart Chamberlain and the Race Struggle of Western History Like Theodor Fritsch, Houston Stewart Chamberlain represents an important link between Houston Stewart Chamberlain - a Darwinist whom was identified as racist theorist was also a cultural critic. Houston Stewart Chamberlain (; 9 September 1855 - 9 January 1927) was a British-German philosopher who wrote works about political philosophy and natural science. ., Evangelist of Race. In Chamberlains work, the past is a warning for the present. 325-363. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/miranda/6680; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/miranda.6680, Professor of History - Junior Member, Institut Universitaire de FranceSorbonne Nouvelle Universityjohann.chapoutot@univ-paris3.fr, Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International - CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/, Site map Legal information & Credits Links Directories and labels Syndication, OpenEdition member Published with Lodel Administration only, You will be redirected to OpenEdition Search, Expressions of Environment in Euroamerican Culture / Antique Bodies in Nineteenth Century British Literature and Culture, Antique Bodies in Nineteenth Century British Literature and Culture, From Humanism to Nazism: Antiquity in the Work of Houston Stewart Chamberlain, Houston Stewart Chamberlain was a social Darwinist and a true racist. No. Jahrhunderts, Darmstadt, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2005. Sample translated sentence: . Wie Jesus zum Arier wurde. In Aryan Worldview Houston Chamberlain discusses the importance of Indology in the effort to gain deeper insight into the essence of Indo-European thought. She married Siegfried, Richard Wagners only son, and was considered the only true custodian and bailiff in Bayreuth after Siegfrieds death, as well as a sort of muse for Adolf Hitler, whom she greatly admired. But something is as clear as the sun at midday: if the Phenician people had not been exterminated () mankind would never have experienced () this 19th century that we can consider with pride and hope15. The immigration of strangers to the race was recurrently presented as the invasion of microbes and viruses into a healthy and sound body. 16 Das Rassen- und Nationalittlose Vlkerchaos des sptrmischen Imperiums, Ibid., p.371. If the Greeks were philosophers, the Romans were lawyers. And this is the reason why it triumphantly . Since he and Hider were very close friends and he married Wagner's daughter, one can imagine the mutually satisfactory con-versations that must have taken place among them on the subject of race. What can you say of a 1200 years long history that does not offer a single philosopher, not even the most modest one? Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press, 1996. Oktober 1923, quoted in. No surprise there, because, according to him, Christ was also a German. Houston Stewart Chamberlain (Q57737) Houston Stewart Chamberlain. and not just in Germany. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. Delenda est Carthago, but this time for gooda word to the wise for people who were sent fighting the new Carthage of Jewish bolshevism on the Eastern front. [1] Rome was destroyed by the Jews because it had not protected the purity of its race and because it was never able to lead a proper racial war: a total war of annihilation. Greece has always gravitated around Asia, till Rome dragged it away, to the West. This race of heroes which carried out a Herculean task by creating the, was defeated by hybrid weaklings from Asia minor, Greeks and Jews who infiltrated the Empire and the most inner circles of imperial power, thus becoming the juridicial counsellors of the throne. Furthermore, his belonging to the Wagner family was a letter of credit and a sign of distinction in the small but growing world of the far right movements. 8What is interesting, however, is the following statement: according to Chamberlain, the Romans and the Greeks, the founding fathers of our European civilization, were indeed Germans. Like Hegel, Chamberlain praised the Greeks for inventing freedom and the key notion of personality: Over there, in Asia, in the East, no man had ever been a person. Houston had an enthusiasm towards superiority of the "Teutonic" race, a category that he used synonymously with "Aryan" and "Germanic." because of Houston's beliefs, he soon became a well-known writer for his articles on . He holds my hand and won't let me go. . He also wrote numerous books on the theory of races, among which an important collection called Race and Humanities2 that earned him fame and glory in his later years, under the Third Reich. They settled down in Greece and Rome, enjoying the benefits of cultural photosynthesis, thanks to the sun and mild climate of the Mediterranean. The German Christian Movement in the Third Reich. Houston Stewart Chamberlain The real representative advocate of racial theory in the pre . This idea according to which the Greeks and the Germans shared the same taste for beauty had been a commonplace for, since Johann Winckelmann published, in 1764, his, In the words of Chamberlain: This assumption of the importance of the arts corresponds to a specific character of the German mind, if I am not mistaken, But what was to be said about Rome? houston stewart chamberlain, the importance of race summary. However, it was quite successful from the 1900s to the 1930s; it sold over 200000 copies. After attending a, in Versailles and a boarding school in Cheltenham, he visited destination spas and various health resortshe did not have a very sound constitutionwith his chaperon and a tutor. If the Greeks were philosophers, the Romans were lawyers. Here, in Greece, every river, every stone lives and is an individual. An Anthology of Texts, London, Routledge, 2002, 496p. 25 Es hat meine Gedanken beschftigt, wieso gerade Sie, der Sie in so seltenem Grade ein Erwecker der Seelen aus Schlaf und Schlendrian sind, mir einen so langen erquickenden Schlaf neulich schenkten, wie ich einen hnlichen nicht erlebt habe seit dem verhngnisvollen Augusttag 1914, wo das tckische Leiden mich befiel. Ludwig Schemann exerted a great intellectual influence on the other members of the Wagner circle, popularizing what people started to call the Vlkisch ideology3: to fight against the (revolutionary) French idea of Nation based on the (false) assumption of equality. Those three cities had been, throughout the 19. century, the epitome of Western culture: the Greeks had bequeathed philosophy and the arts, the Romans the Law and the Empire, and Jerusalem had opened a new path to salvation with the teachings of Jesus Christ. Houston Stewart Chamberlain, "Kant: Excursus on the 'Thing in Itself,'" Immanuel Kant: A Study and a Comparison with Goethe, Leonardo da Vinci, Bruno, Plato and Descartes, vol. And Chamberlain would not be the last to perform such a, under the Third Reich; for instance, an official Protestant church pledged to the Nazi party, . The Persians indeed were Jews, at least as much as the Greeks were Germans, and the Persian Wars were nothing else than a racial struggle which lasted over a century between Asia and Europe. If Greece had fathered the spirit, Rome had mastered the organisation. , New York, Columbia University Press, 1981, 565p. , Munich, Bruckmann, 1899, 1031p. (2 volumes). Later, the Wagner family would welcome another subject of the British Empire: Winifred Williams. In that respect, he is not being entirely fair to the author. In 1899, his. . Houston Stewart Chamberlain (September 9, 1855 - January 9, 1927) was a British-born author of books on political philosophy, natural science and his posthumous father-in-law Richard Wagner.His two-volume book Die Grundlagen des Neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (The Foundations of the Nineteenth Century) (1899) became one of the many references for the pan-Germanic movement of the early twentieth . So they Aryanised him. ), British-born Germanophile political philosopher, whose advocacy of the racial and cultural superiority of the so-called Aryan element in European culture influenced pan-German and German nationalist thought, particularly Adolf Hitlers National Socialist movement. Greek and Roman antiquity play an essential part in his argumentation. He mumbles, wants to speak, he can'tand then weeps like a child! Jetzt glaube ich einzusehen, da dies grade Ihr Wesen bezeichnet und sozusagen umschliet: der wahre Erwecker ist zugleich Spender der Ruhe. In the 1920s, he met Hitler. Long, long handshake! He became ill but was reinvigorated by a visit Adolf Hitler paid him in 1923. 15The second Saviour (with a capital S) is Jesus Christ himself whom Chamberlain celebrates at length in his book. 10 Diese Anschauung von der Bedeutung der Kunst entspricht auch, wenn ich nicht irre, einer spezifischen Anlage des deutschen Geistes. Still, the Greeks were far from perfect. As they wanted to destroy anything that was not Jewish, they fought against the Greeks. In his book, we can read that Plato was, by all means, a great philosopher. Published in 1853-55, his Essay on the Inequality of Human Races was widely read, embellished, and publicized by many different kinds of writers. His big eyes burn like fire. Chamberlain devotes some 500 pagesnearly half the bookto that period, providing his reader with ample material on Rome, Greece and the Jews as well as on another sacrosanct trinity: Athens, Rome and Jerusalem. 10Apart from being a compendium of all the cultural clichs of the time, Chamberlains Foundations is a form of prolonged indictment against the Jews, depicted as a race full of hatred, longing for might and vengeance. "In this manner the ground was prepared for the emergence of a new race of'Supermen'," said Houston Stewart Chamberlain. Jahrhunderts. Not a Jew, by all means! You stand by us when we are near despair. Es gibt eine Gewalt, die aus Chaos stammt und zu Chaos hinfhrt, und es gibt eine Gewalt, deren Wesen es ist, Kosmos zu gestalten. Der Fanatiker erhitzt die Kpfe, Sie erwrmen die Herzen. What mattered to them was biology and race, not the law or a mere artificial citizenship. While the Greeks had given Europe a soul, the Romans were busy shaping the body: the, , the legions. This obsession with diseases and the assimilation of blood-mixing with infection is a common characteristic, as well as a deep concern, among the most convinced racists of the time,23 and not just in Germany. 18Resorting to antique concepts and quoting Goethe, Chamberlain celebrates Hitler as the creator of a cosmos, the hero who fights against every sort of chaos: You know Goethe's distinction between force and force. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 2005. , New York, Columbia University Press, 1981. , Stuttgart, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1960. , London, Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1962. , Munich, Franz Eher Verlag, Zentralverlag der NSDAP, 1926. , Wien, Zrich, New York, Europa Verlag, 1940. He was the son of an English captain, later admiral. 17 eine Versndigung gegen die Natur, Ibid. Johann Chapoutot, From Humanism to Nazism: Antiquity in the Work of Houston Stewart Chamberlain ,Miranda [Online], 11|2015, Online since 23 July 2015, connection on 05 March 2023. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Chamberlain is unique, however, in the fact that he is the only author surveyed in . cystic fibrosis foundation evidence-based guidelines for management of; 1986 world cup england squad; . Language. Revue pluridisciplinaire du monde anglophone / Multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal on the English-speaking world. He could have been a typical character from A Room with a View; he who could not embrace the military career his father had ambitioned for him and went on travelling instead. Cartea n dou volume a lui Chamberlain, Die . While the Greeks rejoiced in the company of ideas, the Romans were materialists in both the best and the worst sense of the term. Christ, Karl, Hellas: Griechische Geschichte und deutsche Geisteswissenschaft, Mnchen, C.H. 11 Gibt es unter den Rmern ein einziges wahres Dichtergenie? Reassured though he was to have met the saviour of Germany and of the German race, Chamberlain did not die right away and had to wait four more years before falling into a deep and peaceful sleep. Without him, the Indo-Europeans would have disappeared. 9During ancient times, the Germans ruled over their conception of the world and could therefore explore and organize it: the science of the Greeks helped understand the cosmos, while the legions and the laws of the Romans imposed the Nordic order to the world. Educated at Versailles, Geneva, and Vienna, Chamberlain became an admirer of Richard Wagner, publishing his first work, Notes sur Lohengrin (Notes on Lohengrin), in 1892.